Tag: Criminal

  • [Solved] SCS 285 Module One Project Prep

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    See the attachment below for assignment details. – ## ModuleOneProjectPrepGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip **## ModuleOneProjectPrepGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip** ## Module One Project Prep Guidelines and Rubric.html ## SCS 285 Module One Project Prep Guidelines and Rubric ### Overview In this assignmen…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    See the attachment below for assignment details.

    – ## ModuleOneProjectPrepGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip

    **## ModuleOneProjectPrepGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip**

    ## Module One Project Prep Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## SCS 285 Module One Project Prep Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Overview

    In this assignment, you will submit research articles that uses each type of research (qualitative, quantitative) from the Shapiro Library social science database of your choice on a topic you wish to explore further.

    ### Prompt:

    As you begin your research to identify a research problem, it is important to make sure you are finding research from scholarly database resources and that you can find research articles of various types. For this assignment, you will select a quantitative research study and a qualitative research study on your chosen topic from databases in the Shapiro Library within your program of study. Then you will create a PowerPoint slide that includes the full APA citation for each article as well as the permalink (URL) to the article. Consult this
    [SNHU FAQ: What is a permalink, permanent link, or static link?](https://libanswers.snhu.edu/faq/238844) for instructions on working with EBSCO and ProQuest databases. Your instructor will use the link to determine if the article came from a Shapiro Library database.

    The slide you create for this assignment will be used as part of your presentation for Project One in Module Four. Be sure to indicate which study is quantitative and which is qualitative on your slide.

    Specifically, the following rubric criteria must be addressed:

    – Qualitative Research Article: Select a qualitative research article from a Shapiro Library database that explores a research topic you may wish to investigate further within your field of study (anthropology, human services, criminal justice, or political science). Include a full APA citation and a permalink to the article.
    – Quantitative Research Article: Select a quantitative research article from a Shapiro Library database that explores the same research topic that you wish to investigate further within your field of study (anthropology, human services, criminal justice, or political science) as the quantitative article. Include a full APA citation and permalink to the article.

    Suggested Resources
    Visit the
    [Resources: Methodologies: Qualitative and Quantitative](https://www.sweetstudy.com/d2l/common/dialogs/quickLink/quickLink.d2l?ou=2082626&type=content&rcode=snhu-687220) page in the learning environment for Shapiro Library databases specific to your area of study, as well as a video for how to conduct effective research using the Shapiro Library.

    ### What to Submit

    This assignment must be completed as a slide in Microsoft PowerPoint, as it will become part of your Project One (which is a PowerPoint presentation). Citations should be in
    [APA Style](https://snhu.ink/ShapiroAPAGuide).

    ### Module One Project Prep Rubric

    | Criteria | Meets Expectations (100%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — |
    | Qualitative Research Article | Selects a qualitative research article from a Shapiro Library database | Does not select a qualitative research article from a Shapiro Library database | 45 |
    | Quantitative Research Article | Selects a quantitative research article from a Shapiro Library database | Does not select a quantitative research article from the Shapiro Library database | 45 |
    | Citations | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution | Does not use citations for ideas requiring attribution | 10 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    **## ModuleOneProjectPrepGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip**

    ## Module One Project Prep Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## SCS 285 Module One Project Prep Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Overview

    In this assignment, you will submit research articles that uses each type of research (qualitative, quantitative) from the Shapiro Library social science database of your choice on a topic you wish to explore further.

    ### Prompt:

    As you begin your research to identify a research problem, it is important to make sure you are finding research from scholarly database resources and that you can find research articles of various types. For this assignment, you will select a quantitative research study and a qualitative research study on your chosen topic from databases in the Shapiro Library within your program of study. Then you will create a PowerPoint slide that includes the full APA citation for each article as well as the permalink (URL) to the article. Consult this
    [SNHU FAQ: What is a permalink, permanent link, or static link?](https://libanswers.snhu.edu/faq/238844) for instructions on working with EBSCO and ProQuest databases. Your instructor will use the link to determine if the article came from a Shapiro Library database.

    The slide you create for this assignment will be used as part of your presentation for Project One in Module Four. Be sure to indicate which study is quantitative and which is qualitative on your slide.

    Specifically, the following rubric criteria must be addressed:

    – Qualitative Research Article: Select a qualitative research article from a Shapiro Library database that explores a research topic you may wish to investigate further within your field of study (anthropology, human services, criminal justice, or political science). Include a full APA citation and a permalink to the article.
    – Quantitative Research Article: Select a quantitative research article from a Shapiro Library database that explores the same research topic that you wish to investigate further within your field of study (anthropology, human services, criminal justice, or political science) as the quantitative article. Include a full APA citation and permalink to the article.

    Suggested Resources
    Visit the
    [Resources: Methodologies: Qualitative and Quantitative](https://www.sweetstudy.com/d2l/common/dialogs/quickLink/quickLink.d2l?ou=2082626&type=content&rcode=snhu-687220) page in the learning environment for Shapiro Library databases specific to your area of study, as well as a video for how to conduct effective research using the Shapiro Library.

    ### What to Submit

    This assignment must be completed as a slide in Microsoft PowerPoint, as it will become part of your Project One (which is a PowerPoint presentation). Citations should be in
    [APA Style](https://snhu.ink/ShapiroAPAGuide).

    ### Module One Project Prep Rubric

    | Criteria | Meets Expectations (100%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — |
    | Qualitative Research Article | Selects a qualitative research article from a Shapiro Library database | Does not select a qualitative research article from a Shapiro Library database | 45 |
    | Quantitative Research Article | Selects a quantitative research article from a Shapiro Library database | Does not select a quantitative research article from the Shapiro Library database | 45 |
    | Citations | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution | Does not use citations for ideas requiring attribution | 10 |
    | Total: | 100% |

  • [Solved] criminal justice

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    In-depth study guidance and analytical solution covering criminal justice.

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Full assignment prompt and step-by-step guidance are included in the downloadable solution file.

  • [Solved] Sab disc 3

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    review on video _**Would you like to witness an execution? Why or why not?**_

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    review on video
    _**Would you like to witness an execution? Why or why not?**_

  • [Solved] Discussion

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    1. Are emails effective means of communication? Why or why not in the business setting. Are there situations they should not be used? 2. Today, instant messaging whether emails or texts is the norm. How should managers communicate with their staff?

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    1. Are emails effective means of communication?  Why or why not in the business setting.  Are there situations they should not be used?
    2. Today, instant messaging whether emails or texts is the norm. How should managers communicate with their staff?

  • [Solved] 7-2 Project Two

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    Please see the attached below for assignment details. – ## CJ230ProjectTwoTemplate.docx – ## CJ230ProjectTwoScenario.pdf – ## ProjectTwoGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip **## CJ230ProjectTwoTemplate.docx** ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109) ## CJ 230 Project Two …

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Please see the attached below for assignment details.

    – ## CJ230ProjectTwoTemplate.docx

    – ## CJ230ProjectTwoScenario.pdf

    – ## ProjectTwoGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip

    **## CJ230ProjectTwoTemplate.docx**

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectTwoScenario.pdf**

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    **## ProjectTwoGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Two Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Describe best practices used in discretionary decision making

    ### Scenario

    You are the public representative of a rape victim’s family. The judge ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender for the defendant. The family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. You have been asked to write a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Using the full scenario and the template (both linked in the Supporting Materials section), compose a memo regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    ### Directions

    You will be creating a written memo to submit to the head of the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Your memo should have all sections identified and should address all of these required elements:

    1. Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    – What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?
    – How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?
    2. Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    – What decisions were made by the judge?
    – Who is affected by the decisions?
    – Do they have negative or positive impacts?
    3. Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    – What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?
    – Could the judge have done anything differently in any specific step to have made a positive impact?
    4. Describe the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process.

    – What role did discovery play in this process?
    – Which step in the decision-making process does discovery fall under?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    Using the scenario and template linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a written memo regarding the judge and practices used in discretionary decision making. The statement should address the rubric criteria listed above: discretion, law, and policy; analyzing discretionary decisions; impacts of steps in the decision-making process; and discovery.

    Your submission should be a 2- to 3-page Word document with 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and one-inch margins. Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resources support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Two Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Two Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Template.docx)
    Download this template and use it to create your memo.

    ### Project Two Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Discretion, Law, and Policy | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Analyzing Discretionary Decisions | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Analyzes discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification analyzing discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Does not attempt criterion | 30 |
    | Impacts of Steps in the Decision-Making Process | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification identifying steps in the decision-making process or whether the judge could have done anything differently in a specific step | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Discovery | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing the role discovery plays in the decision-making process | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## ProjectTwoGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Two Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Describe best practices used in discretionary decision making

    ### Scenario

    You are the public representative of a rape victim’s family. The judge ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender for the defendant. The family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. You have been asked to write a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Using the full scenario and the template (both linked in the Supporting Materials section), compose a memo regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    ### Directions

    You will be creating a written memo to submit to the head of the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Your memo should have all sections identified and should address all of these required elements:

    1. Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    – What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?
    – How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?
    2. Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    – What decisions were made by the judge?
    – Who is affected by the decisions?
    – Do they have negative or positive impacts?
    3. Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    – What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?
    – Could the judge have done anything differently in any specific step to have made a positive impact?
    4. Describe the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process.

    – What role did discovery play in this process?
    – Which step in the decision-making process does discovery fall under?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    Using the scenario and template linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a written memo regarding the judge and practices used in discretionary decision making. The statement should address the rubric criteria listed above: discretion, law, and policy; analyzing discretionary decisions; impacts of steps in the decision-making process; and discovery.

    Your submission should be a 2- to 3-page Word document with 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and one-inch margins. Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resources support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Two Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Two Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Template.docx)
    Download this template and use it to create your memo.

    ### Project Two Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Discretion, Law, and Policy | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Analyzing Discretionary Decisions | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Analyzes discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification analyzing discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Does not attempt criterion | 30 |
    | Impacts of Steps in the Decision-Making Process | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification identifying steps in the decision-making process or whether the judge could have done anything differently in a specific step | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Discovery | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing the role discovery plays in the decision-making process | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectTwoTemplate.docx**

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectTwoScenario.pdf**

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    **## ProjectTwoGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Two Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Describe best practices used in discretionary decision making

    ### Scenario

    You are the public representative of a rape victim’s family. The judge ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender for the defendant. The family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. You have been asked to write a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Using the full scenario and the template (both linked in the Supporting Materials section), compose a memo regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    ### Directions

    You will be creating a written memo to submit to the head of the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Your memo should have all sections identified and should address all of these required elements:

    1. Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    – What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?
    – How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?
    2. Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    – What decisions were made by the judge?
    – Who is affected by the decisions?
    – Do they have negative or positive impacts?
    3. Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    – What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?
    – Could the judge have done anything differently in any specific step to have made a positive impact?
    4. Describe the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process.

    – What role did discovery play in this process?
    – Which step in the decision-making process does discovery fall under?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    Using the scenario and template linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a written memo regarding the judge and practices used in discretionary decision making. The statement should address the rubric criteria listed above: discretion, law, and policy; analyzing discretionary decisions; impacts of steps in the decision-making process; and discovery.

    Your submission should be a 2- to 3-page Word document with 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and one-inch margins. Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resources support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Two Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Two Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Template.docx)
    Download this template and use it to create your memo.

    ### Project Two Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Discretion, Law, and Policy | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Analyzing Discretionary Decisions | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Analyzes discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification analyzing discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Does not attempt criterion | 30 |
    | Impacts of Steps in the Decision-Making Process | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification identifying steps in the decision-making process or whether the judge could have done anything differently in a specific step | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Discovery | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing the role discovery plays in the decision-making process | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectTwoTemplate.docx**

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectTwoScenario.pdf**

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    **## ProjectTwoGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Two Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Describe best practices used in discretionary decision making

    ### Scenario

    You are the public representative of a rape victim’s family. The judge ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender for the defendant. The family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. You have been asked to write a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Using the full scenario and the template (both linked in the Supporting Materials section), compose a memo regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    ### Directions

    You will be creating a written memo to submit to the head of the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee. Your memo should have all sections identified and should address all of these required elements:

    1. Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    – What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?
    – How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?
    2. Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    – What decisions were made by the judge?
    – Who is affected by the decisions?
    – Do they have negative or positive impacts?
    3. Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    – What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?
    – Could the judge have done anything differently in any specific step to have made a positive impact?
    4. Describe the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process.

    – What role did discovery play in this process?
    – Which step in the decision-making process does discovery fall under?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    Using the scenario and template linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a written memo regarding the judge and practices used in discretionary decision making. The statement should address the rubric criteria listed above: discretion, law, and policy; analyzing discretionary decisions; impacts of steps in the decision-making process; and discovery.

    Your submission should be a 2- to 3-page Word document with 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and one-inch margins. Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resources support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Two Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Two Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Two%20Template.docx)
    Download this template and use it to create your memo.

    ### Project Two Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Discretion, Law, and Policy | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Analyzing Discretionary Decisions | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Analyzes discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification analyzing discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals | Does not attempt criterion | 30 |
    | Impacts of Steps in the Decision-Making Process | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification identifying steps in the decision-making process or whether the judge could have done anything differently in a specific step | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Discovery | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes the role discovery plays in the decision-making documentation process | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing the role discovery plays in the decision-making process | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Two Scenario

    A student from an elite educational institution in California has been arrested, charged, and convicted of
    a sexual assault for engaging in a sexual act with an unconscious victim. The defendant was identified by
    two individuals who witnessed the defendant engaging in the sexual act. The results of the victim’s
    sexual assault examination at the hospital showed bruising around the neck and genital areas.

    Prior to sentencing, the defendant’s family made a point to the court that the defendant’s life should
    not be ruined by “moments of sexual activity.” While the prosecution recommended a sentence of six
    years in state prison for the crime, the pre-sentencing report from probation recommended a jail
    sentence of less than a year of confinement. The judge, an alumnus of the same elite institution,
    ordered a jail sentence of six months with a lifetime registration as a sex offender.

    The victim’s family is not satisfied with the judge’s ruling. As the public representative of the victim’s
    family, you are asked to compose a memo to be submitted to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee
    regarding the actions and discretionary decisions made by the judge.

    California Penal Code Section 261(a)(2-4) states the following:

    (a) Rape is an act of sexual intercourse accomplished with a person not the spouse of the
    perpetrator, under any of the following circumstances:

    (2) Where it is accomplished against a person’s will by means of force, violence, duress, menace,
    or fear of immediate and unlawful bodily injury on the person or another.

    (3) Where a person is prevented from resisting by any intoxicating or anesthetic substance, or
    any controlled substance, and this condition was known, or reasonably should have been known
    by the accused.

    (4) Where a person is at the time unconscious of the nature of the act, and this is known to the
    accused. As used in this paragraph, “unconscious of the nature of the act” means incapable of
    resisting because the victim meets any one of the following conditions:

    (A) Was unconscious or asleep.

    (B) Was not aware, knowing, perceiving, or cognizant that the act occurred.

    Unless otherwise noted, rape is punishable by imprisonment for 3, 6, or 8 years, as well as a fine
    not to exceed $70 (to be paid towards AIDS education).

    References

    California Legislative Information. (2013). Penal Code Section 261. Retrieved from

    https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN
    Leagle. (2019). People v. Turner. Retrieved from https://www.leagle.com/decision/incaco20180808037

    [https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=261.&lawCode=PEN)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Two Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/7-2-project-two-20945109)

    ## CJ 230 Project Two Template Memo to the Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    **To:** Judicial Ethics Advisory Committee

    **From:** [Your Name]

    **Date:** [Date]

    **Subject:** Discretionary Actions of Judge

    I am the public representative of Emily Doe and her family. I am writing to express concern regarding the discretionary decisions and actions made by the judge in the recent conviction of the defendant in Miss Doe’s case. I would like to express my concern regarding the following:

    [Explain parts of the decision-making process in which discretion can be applied in accordance with law and policy. Answer the following questions in your explanation:

    What laws or policies may influence criminal justice professionals (in this scenario, the judge) to reach decisions in the stages of the criminal justice process (arrest, indictment, conviction)?

    How does discretion impact the decisions made in accordance with law and policy?]

    [Analyze discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals. Address the following in your analysis:

    What decisions were made by the judge?

    Who is affected by the decisions?

    Do they have negative or positive impacts?]

    [Identify specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative and legal impacts. Address the following in your identification:

    What are the specific steps in the discretionary decision-making process that may lead to negative impacts?

    Could the judge have done anything differently in a specific step to have made a positive impact?]

    [Describe the role discoverability plays in the decision-making documentation process:

    What role did discoverability play in this process?

    Which step in the decision-making process does discoverability fall under?]

    Sincerely,

    [Your Name]

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    – 1
    – 2
    – 3

  • [Solved] CJ 305 Project Three

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    Please see the attached below for assignment details. – ## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip** ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html ## CJ 305 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric ### Competency In this project, you will demonstrate your mast…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Please see the attached below for assignment details.

    – ## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip

    **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip**

    ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 305 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Analyze the criminalization of technology

    ### Scenario

    Someone has come into your station to file a police report. This person has been the victim of email bank fraud. An example of the type of email the victim received can be seen below. The victim provided bank information and, as a result, his savings account has been drained. He is actively working with his bank to have the funds returned. Your agency has seen a rise in crimes of this nature. You are planning to present at a Victim Offender Impact Panel to educate your community about cybercrimes. These Victim Offender Impact Panels are community-based meetings where victims can share their experiences and criminal justice professionals can educate and empower their community.

    Nice to Know You

    Dear Beloved Friend,

    I know this message will come to you as surprised but permit me of my desire to go into business relationship with you.

    I am Miss <name redacted> a daughter to late At-badari of Libya whom was murdered during the recent civil war in Libya in March 2011, before his death my late father was a strong supporter and a member of late Moammar Gadhafi Government in Tripoli. Meanwhile before the incident, my late Father came to Cotonou Benin republic with the sum of USD 4,200,000.00 (US$4.2M) which he deposited in a Bank here in Cotonou Benin Republic West Africa for safe keeping.

    I am here seeking for an avenue to transfer the fund to you in only you're reliable and trustworthy person to investment the fund. I am here in Benin Republic because of the death of my parent's and I want you to help me transfer the fund into your bank account for investment purpose.

    Please I will offer you 20% of the total sum of USD4.2M for your assistance. Please I wish to transfer the fund urgently without delay into your account and also wish to relocate to your country due to poor condition in Benin, as to enable me continue my education as I was a medical student before the sudden death of my parent's/ Reply to my alternative email:miss <name redacted>@hotmail.com, Your immediate response would be appreciated.

    Remain blessed,
    Miss <name redacted>

    ### Directions

    In this assignment, you are preparing for an impact panel on cybercrime for your community. Create a presentation with speaker notes that addresses the following required elements. Your presentation should be at least six slides in length, not including introduction and reference slides.

    1. Describe what happened in the bank fraud scenario above.

    1. What happened to the victim?
    2. Can you recognize this as attempted fraud? If so, how?
    2. Explain other common types of cybercrimes to the audience.

    1. Provide examples of common cybercrimes.
    2. How do cybercriminals appeal to their potential victims?
    3. Explain the challenges of pursuing cybercrimes.

    1. Describe the jurisdictional issues surrounding the investigation of these crimes.
    2. How do local, state, and federal agencies work together to conduct investigations?
    4. Describe the negative impact cybercrimes have on the community.

    1. How does the anonymity of the offenders affect the victim?
    2. How are businesses impacted by these crimes?
    5. Suggest strategies individuals should use to protect themselves from cybercrime.

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    Prep Work: Impact Panel on Cybercrime
    Your presentation should be at least six slides in length, not including introduction and reference slides. It should also contain speaker notes. Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:

    Reading:
    [PowerPoint Speaker Notes Tutorial Word Document](https://snhu-media.snhu.edu/files/course_repository/university_wide_files/PowerPoint_Speaker_Notes_Tutorial.docx)
    This tutorial offers guidelines on creating speaker notes for your presentation and for submitting your presentation to your instructor.

    ### Project Three Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Bank Fraud Description | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes what happened in the example bank fraud scenario | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details on what happened to the victim or how you can recognize fraudulent emails | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Cybercrime Description | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains other types of common cybercrimes to the community | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include examples of cybercrimes or how cybercriminals appeal to their potential victims | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Cybercrime Challenges | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains the challenges of pursuing cybercrimes | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details related to jurisdictional issues surrounding investigation of these crimes or cross agency cooperation | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Impact of Cybercrimes | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes the negative impact of cybercrimes on the community | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details on how the anonymity of the offenders affects the victim or how businesses are impacted by these crimes | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Strategies for Protection | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains strategies for individuals to protect themselves from cybercrime | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details on strategies for individuals | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution, with few or no minor errors | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution, with consistent minor errors | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution, with major errors | Does not use citations for ideas requiring attribution | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html.zip**

    ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 305 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Analyze the criminalization of technology

    ### Scenario

    Someone has come into your station to file a police report. This person has been the victim of email bank fraud. An example of the type of email the victim received can be seen below. The victim provided bank information and, as a result, his savings account has been drained. He is actively working with his bank to have the funds returned. Your agency has seen a rise in crimes of this nature. You are planning to present at a Victim Offender Impact Panel to educate your community about cybercrimes. These Victim Offender Impact Panels are community-based meetings where victims can share their experiences and criminal justice professionals can educate and empower their community.

    Nice to Know You

    Dear Beloved Friend,

    I know this message will come to you as surprised but permit me of my desire to go into business relationship with you.

    I am Miss <name redacted> a daughter to late At-badari of Libya whom was murdered during the recent civil war in Libya in March 2011, before his death my late father was a strong supporter and a member of late Moammar Gadhafi Government in Tripoli. Meanwhile before the incident, my late Father came to Cotonou Benin republic with the sum of USD 4,200,000.00 (US$4.2M) which he deposited in a Bank here in Cotonou Benin Republic West Africa for safe keeping.

    I am here seeking for an avenue to transfer the fund to you in only you're reliable and trustworthy person to investment the fund. I am here in Benin Republic because of the death of my parent's and I want you to help me transfer the fund into your bank account for investment purpose.

    Please I will offer you 20% of the total sum of USD4.2M for your assistance. Please I wish to transfer the fund urgently without delay into your account and also wish to relocate to your country due to poor condition in Benin, as to enable me continue my education as I was a medical student before the sudden death of my parent's/ Reply to my alternative email:miss <name redacted>@hotmail.com, Your immediate response would be appreciated.

    Remain blessed,
    Miss <name redacted>

    ### Directions

    In this assignment, you are preparing for an impact panel on cybercrime for your community. Create a presentation with speaker notes that addresses the following required elements. Your presentation should be at least six slides in length, not including introduction and reference slides.

    1. Describe what happened in the bank fraud scenario above.

    1. What happened to the victim?
    2. Can you recognize this as attempted fraud? If so, how?
    2. Explain other common types of cybercrimes to the audience.

    1. Provide examples of common cybercrimes.
    2. How do cybercriminals appeal to their potential victims?
    3. Explain the challenges of pursuing cybercrimes.

    1. Describe the jurisdictional issues surrounding the investigation of these crimes.
    2. How do local, state, and federal agencies work together to conduct investigations?
    4. Describe the negative impact cybercrimes have on the community.

    1. How does the anonymity of the offenders affect the victim?
    2. How are businesses impacted by these crimes?
    5. Suggest strategies individuals should use to protect themselves from cybercrime.

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    Prep Work: Impact Panel on Cybercrime
    Your presentation should be at least six slides in length, not including introduction and reference slides. It should also contain speaker notes. Any sources should be cited according to APA style.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:

    Reading:
    [PowerPoint Speaker Notes Tutorial Word Document](https://snhu-media.snhu.edu/files/course_repository/university_wide_files/PowerPoint_Speaker_Notes_Tutorial.docx)
    This tutorial offers guidelines on creating speaker notes for your presentation and for submitting your presentation to your instructor.

    ### Project Three Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Bank Fraud Description | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes what happened in the example bank fraud scenario | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details on what happened to the victim or how you can recognize fraudulent emails | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Cybercrime Description | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains other types of common cybercrimes to the community | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include examples of cybercrimes or how cybercriminals appeal to their potential victims | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Cybercrime Challenges | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains the challenges of pursuing cybercrimes | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details related to jurisdictional issues surrounding investigation of these crimes or cross agency cooperation | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Impact of Cybercrimes | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes the negative impact of cybercrimes on the community | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details on how the anonymity of the offenders affects the victim or how businesses are impacted by these crimes | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Strategies for Protection | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains strategies for individuals to protect themselves from cybercrime | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include details on strategies for individuals | Does not attempt criterion | 16 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution, with few or no minor errors | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution, with consistent minor errors | Uses citations for ideas requiring attribution, with major errors | Does not use citations for ideas requiring attribution | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

  • [Solved] 8-1 Project Three Submission

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    Please see attached below for assignment details. – ## CJ230ProjectThreeTemplate.docx – ## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip **## CJ230ProjectThreeTemplate.docx** ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291) ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domesti…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Please see attached below for assignment details.

    – ## CJ230ProjectThreeTemplate.docx

    – ## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip

    **## CJ230ProjectThreeTemplate.docx**

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Analyze the latitude of discretionary decision making provided by laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures

    ### Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV). You are asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that will help them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. Using the scenario linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a presentation that explains how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    ### Directions

    Using the provided scenario, create an oral or written presentation on domestic violence. All sections should be identified, and all of the following required elements should be included for both situations:

    Situation 1:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    Situation 2:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion, or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making:

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    For this assignment, you will create a presentation. Choose the format that works best for you. This could include one or more of the following: poster, handout, presentation slides, brochure, written description, or video. Whichever format you choose, your submission should address the rubric criteria listed above: laws and discretion, agency’s culture, amount of discretion, and internal and external discretion.

    An optional template (linked in the Supporting Materials section) has been created to aid you in completing this project.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Three Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Three Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Template.docx) (Optional)
    While this template is not required to complete your project, you may find it helpful.

    ### Project Three Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Identification of Decision | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies the discretionary decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include identifying the decision and possible outcomes for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Laws and Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation or how statutes impact the decision making | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Agency’s Culture | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Amount of Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Internal and External Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes differences between the processes of internal and external decision making for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing differences between the process of internal and external decision making for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Three Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence
    (NCADV). You have been asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that
    will allow them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions
    made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. You will present the police
    department with two situations and explain how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as
    discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    Situation 1
    You are a police officer for a large, diverse city in Rhode Island with a population of nearly 180,000.
    There are over 400 sworn officers and 70 civilian personnel in your department, along with multiple
    sergeants and lieutenants and one chief. The police department that you work for practices community
    policing and places a strong emphasis on community involvement and trust. You are responding to a call
    from a neighbor regarding a disturbance next door. When you knock on the door where the disturbance
    is alleged, a woman with a fresh bruise on her left eye opens the door. When you inquire about the
    injury, the woman reports that her husband was recently fired from his job, and their loud argument
    over finances “had gotten out of hand.” The woman reports that she and her husband have reconciled,
    that he is extremely remorseful, and that this type of altercation has never happened in their 10 years of
    marriage. The woman does not wish to pursue charges against her husband.

    In your interview with the husband, he is clearly distraught and regretful over the incident. He reports
    that he was recently fired, has missed several payments on his mortgage, and is coping with the life-
    threatening illness of one of their children.

    Situation 2
    You are a patrol officer for a small town in Rhode Island that is roughly 48 square miles with a
    population of just under 2,800. It is a rural, close-knit community consisting of family-owned small
    businesses. Most community members were born and raised in the town. The town employs five full-
    time patrol officers (you and four others) who work in 10-hour shifts spanning three watches. There is a
    full-time sergeant, a lieutenant, and a chief who also work each watch. There are nine civilians who
    cover all administrative and dispatching functions.

    At approximately 9:30 p.m., you and your partner are dispatched to a 911 call made by a concerned
    neighbor who would like to remain anonymous. The caller states that the neighbors have been fighting
    for hours, and it has now escalated to what sounds like a person screaming for help. Upon arrival, you
    knock on the door and hear a male voice shouting, “I hate you,” at which time the male opens the door.
    You observe that some of the living room furniture is turned over and there is broken glass on the floor.
    After you separate the combatants, the female tells you that her husband was recently laid off from
    work and has been under a lot of stress. The female looks as if she has been crying, but there are no
    visible signs of injury. She claims the argument began after he refused to get off the recliner for the third
    day in a row to go out and look for work. She admits to throwing a glass of water to the floor, and states
    he tripped over the recliner causing it to fall over.

    Your partner knows the male from the painting company he has just been laid off from. The male claims
    that his wife called him a loser for getting laid off, which sparked a larger argument. During the verbal
    altercation, he claims the woman began throwing dishes and pushed him into the recliner, which

    knocked it over, but there are no signs of visible injuries. The male states he does not want to sign
    complaints against his wife and he really just wants her to take a walk and cool off.

    Rhode Island Statute
    In the state of Rhode Island, the General Laws (R.I. Gen. Laws § 12-29-3 (b)) state the following:

    When a law enforcement officer responds to a domestic violence situation and has probable
    cause to believe that a crime has been committed, the officer shall exercise arrest powers
    pursuant to §§ 12-7-3 and 12-7-4; provided, that the officer shall arrest and take into custody
    the alleged perpetrator of the crime when the officer has probable cause to believe that any of
    the following acts has occurred:

    (i) A felonious assault;
    (ii) An assault that has resulted in bodily injury to the victim, whether or not the injury is
    observable by the responding officer;
    (iii) Physical action that was intended to cause another person reasonably to fear
    imminent serious bodily injury or death. "Bodily injury" means physical pain, illness, or
    an impairment of physical condition; or
    (iv) Violation of a protective order and the violator has previous knowledge of the order
    and the terms of it;
    (v) Violation of a no-contact order issued pursuant to § 12-29-4.

    Reference

    State of Rhode Island General Assembly. (n.d.) Title 12 Criminal Procedure, Chapter 12–29

    Domestic Violence Prevention Act, Section 12-29-3. Retrieved from
    http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/Statutes/TITLE12/12-29/12-29-3.HTM

    [http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/](http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Analyze the latitude of discretionary decision making provided by laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures

    ### Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV). You are asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that will help them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. Using the scenario linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a presentation that explains how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    ### Directions

    Using the provided scenario, create an oral or written presentation on domestic violence. All sections should be identified, and all of the following required elements should be included for both situations:

    Situation 1:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    Situation 2:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion, or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making:

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    For this assignment, you will create a presentation. Choose the format that works best for you. This could include one or more of the following: poster, handout, presentation slides, brochure, written description, or video. Whichever format you choose, your submission should address the rubric criteria listed above: laws and discretion, agency’s culture, amount of discretion, and internal and external discretion.

    An optional template (linked in the Supporting Materials section) has been created to aid you in completing this project.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Three Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Three Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Template.docx) (Optional)
    While this template is not required to complete your project, you may find it helpful.

    ### Project Three Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Identification of Decision | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies the discretionary decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include identifying the decision and possible outcomes for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Laws and Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation or how statutes impact the decision making | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Agency’s Culture | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Amount of Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Internal and External Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes differences between the processes of internal and external decision making for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing differences between the process of internal and external decision making for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Three Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence
    (NCADV). You have been asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that
    will allow them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions
    made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. You will present the police
    department with two situations and explain how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as
    discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    Situation 1
    You are a police officer for a large, diverse city in Rhode Island with a population of nearly 180,000.
    There are over 400 sworn officers and 70 civilian personnel in your department, along with multiple
    sergeants and lieutenants and one chief. The police department that you work for practices community
    policing and places a strong emphasis on community involvement and trust. You are responding to a call
    from a neighbor regarding a disturbance next door. When you knock on the door where the disturbance
    is alleged, a woman with a fresh bruise on her left eye opens the door. When you inquire about the
    injury, the woman reports that her husband was recently fired from his job, and their loud argument
    over finances “had gotten out of hand.” The woman reports that she and her husband have reconciled,
    that he is extremely remorseful, and that this type of altercation has never happened in their 10 years of
    marriage. The woman does not wish to pursue charges against her husband.

    In your interview with the husband, he is clearly distraught and regretful over the incident. He reports
    that he was recently fired, has missed several payments on his mortgage, and is coping with the life-
    threatening illness of one of their children.

    Situation 2
    You are a patrol officer for a small town in Rhode Island that is roughly 48 square miles with a
    population of just under 2,800. It is a rural, close-knit community consisting of family-owned small
    businesses. Most community members were born and raised in the town. The town employs five full-
    time patrol officers (you and four others) who work in 10-hour shifts spanning three watches. There is a
    full-time sergeant, a lieutenant, and a chief who also work each watch. There are nine civilians who
    cover all administrative and dispatching functions.

    At approximately 9:30 p.m., you and your partner are dispatched to a 911 call made by a concerned
    neighbor who would like to remain anonymous. The caller states that the neighbors have been fighting
    for hours, and it has now escalated to what sounds like a person screaming for help. Upon arrival, you
    knock on the door and hear a male voice shouting, “I hate you,” at which time the male opens the door.
    You observe that some of the living room furniture is turned over and there is broken glass on the floor.
    After you separate the combatants, the female tells you that her husband was recently laid off from
    work and has been under a lot of stress. The female looks as if she has been crying, but there are no
    visible signs of injury. She claims the argument began after he refused to get off the recliner for the third
    day in a row to go out and look for work. She admits to throwing a glass of water to the floor, and states
    he tripped over the recliner causing it to fall over.

    Your partner knows the male from the painting company he has just been laid off from. The male claims
    that his wife called him a loser for getting laid off, which sparked a larger argument. During the verbal
    altercation, he claims the woman began throwing dishes and pushed him into the recliner, which

    knocked it over, but there are no signs of visible injuries. The male states he does not want to sign
    complaints against his wife and he really just wants her to take a walk and cool off.

    Rhode Island Statute
    In the state of Rhode Island, the General Laws (R.I. Gen. Laws § 12-29-3 (b)) state the following:

    When a law enforcement officer responds to a domestic violence situation and has probable
    cause to believe that a crime has been committed, the officer shall exercise arrest powers
    pursuant to §§ 12-7-3 and 12-7-4; provided, that the officer shall arrest and take into custody
    the alleged perpetrator of the crime when the officer has probable cause to believe that any of
    the following acts has occurred:

    (i) A felonious assault;
    (ii) An assault that has resulted in bodily injury to the victim, whether or not the injury is
    observable by the responding officer;
    (iii) Physical action that was intended to cause another person reasonably to fear
    imminent serious bodily injury or death. "Bodily injury" means physical pain, illness, or
    an impairment of physical condition; or
    (iv) Violation of a protective order and the violator has previous knowledge of the order
    and the terms of it;
    (v) Violation of a no-contact order issued pursuant to § 12-29-4.

    Reference

    State of Rhode Island General Assembly. (n.d.) Title 12 Criminal Procedure, Chapter 12–29

    Domestic Violence Prevention Act, Section 12-29-3. Retrieved from
    http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/Statutes/TITLE12/12-29/12-29-3.HTM

    [http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/](http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectThreeTemplate.docx**

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Analyze the latitude of discretionary decision making provided by laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures

    ### Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV). You are asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that will help them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. Using the scenario linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a presentation that explains how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    ### Directions

    Using the provided scenario, create an oral or written presentation on domestic violence. All sections should be identified, and all of the following required elements should be included for both situations:

    Situation 1:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    Situation 2:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion, or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making:

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    For this assignment, you will create a presentation. Choose the format that works best for you. This could include one or more of the following: poster, handout, presentation slides, brochure, written description, or video. Whichever format you choose, your submission should address the rubric criteria listed above: laws and discretion, agency’s culture, amount of discretion, and internal and external discretion.

    An optional template (linked in the Supporting Materials section) has been created to aid you in completing this project.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Three Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Three Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Template.docx) (Optional)
    While this template is not required to complete your project, you may find it helpful.

    ### Project Three Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Identification of Decision | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies the discretionary decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include identifying the decision and possible outcomes for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Laws and Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation or how statutes impact the decision making | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Agency’s Culture | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Amount of Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Internal and External Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes differences between the processes of internal and external decision making for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing differences between the process of internal and external decision making for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Three Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence
    (NCADV). You have been asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that
    will allow them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions
    made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. You will present the police
    department with two situations and explain how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as
    discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    Situation 1
    You are a police officer for a large, diverse city in Rhode Island with a population of nearly 180,000.
    There are over 400 sworn officers and 70 civilian personnel in your department, along with multiple
    sergeants and lieutenants and one chief. The police department that you work for practices community
    policing and places a strong emphasis on community involvement and trust. You are responding to a call
    from a neighbor regarding a disturbance next door. When you knock on the door where the disturbance
    is alleged, a woman with a fresh bruise on her left eye opens the door. When you inquire about the
    injury, the woman reports that her husband was recently fired from his job, and their loud argument
    over finances “had gotten out of hand.” The woman reports that she and her husband have reconciled,
    that he is extremely remorseful, and that this type of altercation has never happened in their 10 years of
    marriage. The woman does not wish to pursue charges against her husband.

    In your interview with the husband, he is clearly distraught and regretful over the incident. He reports
    that he was recently fired, has missed several payments on his mortgage, and is coping with the life-
    threatening illness of one of their children.

    Situation 2
    You are a patrol officer for a small town in Rhode Island that is roughly 48 square miles with a
    population of just under 2,800. It is a rural, close-knit community consisting of family-owned small
    businesses. Most community members were born and raised in the town. The town employs five full-
    time patrol officers (you and four others) who work in 10-hour shifts spanning three watches. There is a
    full-time sergeant, a lieutenant, and a chief who also work each watch. There are nine civilians who
    cover all administrative and dispatching functions.

    At approximately 9:30 p.m., you and your partner are dispatched to a 911 call made by a concerned
    neighbor who would like to remain anonymous. The caller states that the neighbors have been fighting
    for hours, and it has now escalated to what sounds like a person screaming for help. Upon arrival, you
    knock on the door and hear a male voice shouting, “I hate you,” at which time the male opens the door.
    You observe that some of the living room furniture is turned over and there is broken glass on the floor.
    After you separate the combatants, the female tells you that her husband was recently laid off from
    work and has been under a lot of stress. The female looks as if she has been crying, but there are no
    visible signs of injury. She claims the argument began after he refused to get off the recliner for the third
    day in a row to go out and look for work. She admits to throwing a glass of water to the floor, and states
    he tripped over the recliner causing it to fall over.

    Your partner knows the male from the painting company he has just been laid off from. The male claims
    that his wife called him a loser for getting laid off, which sparked a larger argument. During the verbal
    altercation, he claims the woman began throwing dishes and pushed him into the recliner, which

    knocked it over, but there are no signs of visible injuries. The male states he does not want to sign
    complaints against his wife and he really just wants her to take a walk and cool off.

    Rhode Island Statute
    In the state of Rhode Island, the General Laws (R.I. Gen. Laws § 12-29-3 (b)) state the following:

    When a law enforcement officer responds to a domestic violence situation and has probable
    cause to believe that a crime has been committed, the officer shall exercise arrest powers
    pursuant to §§ 12-7-3 and 12-7-4; provided, that the officer shall arrest and take into custody
    the alleged perpetrator of the crime when the officer has probable cause to believe that any of
    the following acts has occurred:

    (i) A felonious assault;
    (ii) An assault that has resulted in bodily injury to the victim, whether or not the injury is
    observable by the responding officer;
    (iii) Physical action that was intended to cause another person reasonably to fear
    imminent serious bodily injury or death. "Bodily injury" means physical pain, illness, or
    an impairment of physical condition; or
    (iv) Violation of a protective order and the violator has previous knowledge of the order
    and the terms of it;
    (v) Violation of a no-contact order issued pursuant to § 12-29-4.

    Reference

    State of Rhode Island General Assembly. (n.d.) Title 12 Criminal Procedure, Chapter 12–29

    Domestic Violence Prevention Act, Section 12-29-3. Retrieved from
    http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/Statutes/TITLE12/12-29/12-29-3.HTM

    [http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/](http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## CJ230ProjectThreeTemplate.docx**

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    **## ProjectThreeGuidelinesandRubric.html1.zip**

    ## Project Three Guidelines and Rubric.html

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Guidelines and Rubric

    ### Competency

    In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

    – Analyze the latitude of discretionary decision making provided by laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures

    ### Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV). You are asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that will help them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. Using the scenario linked in the Supporting Materials section, create a presentation that explains how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    ### Directions

    Using the provided scenario, create an oral or written presentation on domestic violence. All sections should be identified, and all of the following required elements should be included for both situations:

    Situation 1:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    Situation 2:

    1. Identify the discretionary decision.

    – What must you decide in the situation?
    – What are the possible outcomes of this decision?
    2. Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.

    – How does the Rhode Island statute affect the decision making process for this situation? Does it limit discretion, or rely on it? How?
    3. Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.
    4. Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.

    – What amount of discretion is the officer given in this situation?
    – How does it impact their decision making process?
    5. Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making:

    – What decisions are made internally?
    – What decisions are made externally?
    – What are the differences?

    ### What to Submit

    To complete this project, you must submit the following:

    For this assignment, you will create a presentation. Choose the format that works best for you. This could include one or more of the following: poster, handout, presentation slides, brochure, written description, or video. Whichever format you choose, your submission should address the rubric criteria listed above: laws and discretion, agency’s culture, amount of discretion, and internal and external discretion.

    An optional template (linked in the Supporting Materials section) has been created to aid you in completing this project.

    ### Supporting Materials

    The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:

    Document:
    [Project Three Scenario PDF](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Scenario.pdf)
    Base your work on this scenario.

    Document:
    [Project Three Template Word Document](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/Course%20Documents/CJ%20230%20Project%20Three%20Template.docx) (Optional)
    While this template is not required to complete your project, you may find it helpful.

    ### Project Three Rubric

    | Criteria | Exceeds Expectations (100%) | Meets Expectations (85%) | Partially Meets Expectations (55%) | Does Not Meet Expectations (0%) | Value |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | Clear Communication | Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding | Consistently and effectively communicates in an organized way to a specific audience | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but communication is inconsistent or ineffective in a way that negatively impacts understanding | Shows no evidence of consistent, effective, or organized communication | 15 |
    | Identification of Decision | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Identifies the discretionary decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include identifying the decision and possible outcomes for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 10 |
    | Laws and Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how laws can limit or rely on discretion for each situation or how statutes impact the decision making | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Agency’s Culture | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Amount of Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Explains how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification explaining how the amount of discretion can impact a decision for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 20 |
    | Internal and External Discretion | Exceeds expectations in an exceptionally clear, insightful, sophisticated, or creative manner | Describes differences between the processes of internal and external decision making for each situation | Shows progress toward meeting expectations, but with errors or omissions; areas for improvement may include additional details or clarification describing differences between the process of internal and external decision making for each situation | Does not attempt criterion | 15 |
    | Citations and Attributions | Attributes sources where applicable using citation methods with very few minor errors | Uses citation for ideas requiring attribution | Attributes sources where applicable, but with major errors | Does not attribute sources where applicable | 5 |
    | Total: | 100% |

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Scenario.pdf

    CJ 230 Project Three Scenario

    You are a domestic violence advocate working for the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence
    (NCADV). You have been asked to create a presentation for a small, local police department agency that
    will allow them to determine how laws, ordinances, policies, and procedures may affect the decisions
    made by their officers when responding to domestic violence calls. You will present the police
    department with two situations and explain how various aspects of the decision-making process, such as
    discretion and laws, can affect the outcome of each situation.

    Situation 1
    You are a police officer for a large, diverse city in Rhode Island with a population of nearly 180,000.
    There are over 400 sworn officers and 70 civilian personnel in your department, along with multiple
    sergeants and lieutenants and one chief. The police department that you work for practices community
    policing and places a strong emphasis on community involvement and trust. You are responding to a call
    from a neighbor regarding a disturbance next door. When you knock on the door where the disturbance
    is alleged, a woman with a fresh bruise on her left eye opens the door. When you inquire about the
    injury, the woman reports that her husband was recently fired from his job, and their loud argument
    over finances “had gotten out of hand.” The woman reports that she and her husband have reconciled,
    that he is extremely remorseful, and that this type of altercation has never happened in their 10 years of
    marriage. The woman does not wish to pursue charges against her husband.

    In your interview with the husband, he is clearly distraught and regretful over the incident. He reports
    that he was recently fired, has missed several payments on his mortgage, and is coping with the life-
    threatening illness of one of their children.

    Situation 2
    You are a patrol officer for a small town in Rhode Island that is roughly 48 square miles with a
    population of just under 2,800. It is a rural, close-knit community consisting of family-owned small
    businesses. Most community members were born and raised in the town. The town employs five full-
    time patrol officers (you and four others) who work in 10-hour shifts spanning three watches. There is a
    full-time sergeant, a lieutenant, and a chief who also work each watch. There are nine civilians who
    cover all administrative and dispatching functions.

    At approximately 9:30 p.m., you and your partner are dispatched to a 911 call made by a concerned
    neighbor who would like to remain anonymous. The caller states that the neighbors have been fighting
    for hours, and it has now escalated to what sounds like a person screaming for help. Upon arrival, you
    knock on the door and hear a male voice shouting, “I hate you,” at which time the male opens the door.
    You observe that some of the living room furniture is turned over and there is broken glass on the floor.
    After you separate the combatants, the female tells you that her husband was recently laid off from
    work and has been under a lot of stress. The female looks as if she has been crying, but there are no
    visible signs of injury. She claims the argument began after he refused to get off the recliner for the third
    day in a row to go out and look for work. She admits to throwing a glass of water to the floor, and states
    he tripped over the recliner causing it to fall over.

    Your partner knows the male from the painting company he has just been laid off from. The male claims
    that his wife called him a loser for getting laid off, which sparked a larger argument. During the verbal
    altercation, he claims the woman began throwing dishes and pushed him into the recliner, which

    knocked it over, but there are no signs of visible injuries. The male states he does not want to sign
    complaints against his wife and he really just wants her to take a walk and cool off.

    Rhode Island Statute
    In the state of Rhode Island, the General Laws (R.I. Gen. Laws § 12-29-3 (b)) state the following:

    When a law enforcement officer responds to a domestic violence situation and has probable
    cause to believe that a crime has been committed, the officer shall exercise arrest powers
    pursuant to §§ 12-7-3 and 12-7-4; provided, that the officer shall arrest and take into custody
    the alleged perpetrator of the crime when the officer has probable cause to believe that any of
    the following acts has occurred:

    (i) A felonious assault;
    (ii) An assault that has resulted in bodily injury to the victim, whether or not the injury is
    observable by the responding officer;
    (iii) Physical action that was intended to cause another person reasonably to fear
    imminent serious bodily injury or death. "Bodily injury" means physical pain, illness, or
    an impairment of physical condition; or
    (iv) Violation of a protective order and the violator has previous knowledge of the order
    and the terms of it;
    (v) Violation of a no-contact order issued pursuant to § 12-29-4.

    Reference

    State of Rhode Island General Assembly. (n.d.) Title 12 Criminal Procedure, Chapter 12–29

    Domestic Violence Prevention Act, Section 12-29-3. Retrieved from
    http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/Statutes/TITLE12/12-29/12-29-3.HTM

    [http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/](http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/)

    ## Course Documents/CJ 230 Project Three Template.docx

    ![SNHU logo](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/8-1-project-three-submission-20946291)

    ## CJ 230 Project Three Template Domestic Violence Presentation

    Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.

    | | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Discretionary Decision** | **Laws and Discretion** | **Agency’s Culture** | **Amount of Discretion** | **Internal and External Discretion** |
    | **Situation 1** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |
    | **Situation 2** | [Identify the discretionary decision.] | [Explain how laws can limit or rely on discretion.] | [Describe aspects of an agency’s culture that can influence discretion.] | [Explain how the amount of discretion can impact a decision.] | [Describe differences between the processes of internal and external decision making.] |

    ## image1.png

    ## image2.svg

    – 1
    – 2

  • [Solved] Class

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    \ IMG_9380.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9380-jpeg-10421437 "IMG_9380.jpeg") \ IMG_9383.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9383-jpeg-10421439 "IMG_9383.jpeg") \ IMG_9382.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9382-jpeg-10421441 "IMG_9382.jpeg") \ IMG_9384.jpeg](https…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    \
    IMG_9380.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9380-jpeg-10421437 "IMG_9380.jpeg")
    \
    IMG_9383.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9383-jpeg-10421439 "IMG_9383.jpeg")
    \
    IMG_9382.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9382-jpeg-10421441 "IMG_9382.jpeg")
    \
    IMG_9384.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9384-jpeg-10421443 "IMG_9384.jpeg")
    \
    IMG_9381.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9381-jpeg-10421445 "IMG_9381.jpeg")
    \
    IMG_9385.jpeg](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/img-9385-jpeg-10421447 "IMG_9385.jpeg")

  • [Solved] Summative Assessment: Statistical Tests Matrix

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    **Create a 2- to 3-page matrix** in which you explain the applications and limitations of the following 5 statistical tests: – t test – chi-square – ANOVA – Cronbach’s alpha – Wilcoxon rank-sum ###### **Audience for Deliverable** The matrix will be used as a reference by criminal justice professiona…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    **Create a 2- to 3-page matrix** in which you explain the applications and limitations of the following 5 statistical tests:
    – t test
    – chi-square
    – ANOVA
    – Cronbach’s alpha
    – Wilcoxon rank-sum
    ###### **Audience for Deliverable**
    The matrix will be used as a reference by criminal justice professionals responsible for reviewing research studies and statistical data.
    For each test in the matrix, you should:
    – Define the statistical test in your own words.
    – Explain the purpose of the statistical test. Why might a researcher select this test over another one? How will the test produce valid and reliable results?
    – Explain 1-2 limitations associated with the test.
    – Provide an example of a research question that can be answered by using the test. **Create a 2- to 3-page matrix** in which you explain the applications and limitations of the following 5 statistical tests:
    – t test
    – chi-square
    – ANOVA
    – Cronbach’s alpha
    – Wilcoxon rank-sum
    ###### **Audience for Deliverable**
    The matrix will be used as a reference by criminal justice professionals responsible for reviewing research studies and statistical data.
    For each test in the matrix, you should:
    – Define the statistical test in your own words.
    – Explain the purpose of the statistical test. Why might a researcher select this test over another one? How will the test produce valid and reliable results?
    – Explain 1-2 limitations associated with the test.
    – Provide an example of a research question that can be answered by using the test.

  • [Solved] WK8 Db Response

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    See attached. – ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructionsCJUS350.docx – ## SusanWk8.docx – ## BookerPittsWK8.docx **## DiscussionAssignmentInstructionsCJUS350.docx** CJUS 350 **Discussion Assignment Instructions** The student will complete 8 Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of …

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    See attached.

    – ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructionsCJUS350.docx

    – ## SusanWk8.docx

    – ## BookerPittsWK8.docx

    **## DiscussionAssignmentInstructionsCJUS350.docx**

    CJUS 350

    **Discussion Assignment Instructions**

    The student will complete 8 Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at least 400 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student must then post at least 2 replies of at least 200 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions with at least 2 scholarly citations in APA format. Each reply must incorporate at least 2 scholarly citation(s) in APA format. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years. Acceptable sources include the textbook, the Bible, journal articles and professional experiences.

    **## SusanWk8.docx**

    Susan

    Ethical dilemmas often arise in law enforcement. This becomes challenging to balance between legal practices and moral convictions. The case, Arthur v. Commonwealth (1997), where the Virginia Court of Appeals upheld the practice of law enforcement officers lying to suspects during interrogations to elicit confessions, illustrates this. This decision raises questions about the intersection of legal permissibility and ethical integrity, especially from a Christian perspective that upholds the sanctity of truth.

    The case, Arthur v. Commonwealth (1997), established that law enforcement officers are permitted to use deceptive tactics during interrogations, including misrepresenting the evidence they possess, to obtain confessions. This practice is legally sanctioned in Virginia. However, from a Christian viewpoint, this raises concerns. Scripture speaksvagainst bearing false witness (Exodus 20:16) and emphasizes truthfulness as a reflection of one’s integrity (Ephesians 4:25). Therefore, while the tactic may be legally acceptable, it conflicts with moral principles that prioritize honesty and the dignity of individuals.

    · Can an independent thinker be a team player?

    Independent thinkers make really good team players in my opinion. Those that are independent are bringing diverse perspectives and innovative solutions. Their ability to communicate effectively and collaborate with others, ensures that their independent thinking contributes to the team’s objectives rather than hindering them. This aligns with the biblical principle of unity and cooperation, as seen in 1 Corinthians 12:14-20, where the Apostle Paul compares the church to a body with many parts, each essential for the whole.

    · Should we admit to doing wrong?

    Admitting to one’s mistakes is important for personal growth and maintaining trust within the community. Proverbs 28:13 states, “Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy” (New International Version, 1978). Acknowledging any mistake’s demonstrates humility and a commitment to ethical conduct, creating an environment where accountability and integrity are upheld.

    · What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?

    Mistakes of the mind refer to errors in judgment or understanding, often unintentional and arising from lack of knowledge or awareness. Mistakes of the heart, however, stem from moral failings or deliberate choices that contradict one’s values. While both types of mistakes require correction, those of the heart necessitate deeper reflection and repentance, as they reflect the individual’s character and ethical compass.

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul, whose disobedience to God’s commands led to his downfall and the loss of his kingship (1 Samuel 15). In contrast, King David exemplified strong ethical leadership, demonstrating humility, repentance, and a heart aligned with God’s will, despite his own moral failures (Acts 13:22). David’s leadership resulted in a united kingdom and a legacy of faithfulness.

    **## BookerPittsWK8.docx**

    Booker Pitts

    **Discussion Thread: Right or Wrong**

    **1. Can an independent thinker be a team player?**

    Yes, an independent can absolutely be a team player. Independent thinking involves evaluating ideas critically, yet this does not exclude collaboration. According to Ak et al. (2024), constructive dissent within organizations, when grounded in respect and trust, actually improves team problem-solving and innovation. A team player is not someone who blindly agrees but one who contributes unique insights while still supporting collective goals. Healthy teams thrive on such balanced independence because it prevents groupthink and encourages accountability.

    **2. Should we admit to doing wrong?**

    Admitting wrongdoing is essential for integrity and credibility in leadership. Humility restores relationships and sets a moral example for others to follow. Scripture clearly supports confession: "Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy" (Proverbs 28:13, NIV). Similarly, 1 John 1:9 emphasizes that confession aligns us with truth and righteousness. From a professional ethics standpoint, honesty builds trust and legitimacy, both of which are foundational to ethical policing and leadership (Ak et al., 2024).

    **3. What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?**

    Mental mistakes, which result from misunderstandings, misjudgments, or incomplete information, can often be corrected through training and clearer communication. A mistake of the heart, however, reflects intentional wrongdoing or moral failure. David's repentance in Psalm 51 demonstrates the heart's need for moral renewal: "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me." Leaders must learn the differences between these two, because the former calls for education, while the latter calls for repentance and transformation.

    **Dilemma: Lying to a suspect during interrogation**

    The Virginia Court of Appeals has upheld the legality of lying to suspects under certain conditions (
    _Arthur v. Commonwealth,_ 1997). Similarly, in
    _Frazier v. Cupp_(1969), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that limited deception does not automatically invalidate a confession. However, ethical research warns that deceptive interrogation can undermine justice and lead to false confessions. Welner et al. (2024) emphasize that deceit during questioning increases the likelihood of unreliable statements and erodes public trust. From a Christian and moral perspective, legality does not necessarily equate fully with morality. Therefore, I would definitely avoid deception, opting for transparent, evidence-based interviewing methods that preserve and convey both justice and integrity.

    **Biblical examples of leadership**

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul's deceit in Samuel 15:13-24, when he disobeyed God and attempted to justify his actions, resulting in the loss of his kingship. In contrast, Nehemiah 5:6-19 shows ethical leadership through self-control and fairness, leading to restored unity among his people. Ethical leaders who act transparently and repent when wrong not only uphold moral standards but also inspire loyalty and trust within their teams.

    **Conclusion**

    Independent thinking strengthens teams, confession cultivates moral clarity, and ethical leadership rests on complete truthfulness. Even though some interrogation tactics may be legal, moral leadership requires honesty. As Christians, our integrity must remain intact even when the law permits deception.

    **## BookerPittsWK8.docx**

    Booker Pitts

    **Discussion Thread: Right or Wrong**

    **1. Can an independent thinker be a team player?**

    Yes, an independent can absolutely be a team player. Independent thinking involves evaluating ideas critically, yet this does not exclude collaboration. According to Ak et al. (2024), constructive dissent within organizations, when grounded in respect and trust, actually improves team problem-solving and innovation. A team player is not someone who blindly agrees but one who contributes unique insights while still supporting collective goals. Healthy teams thrive on such balanced independence because it prevents groupthink and encourages accountability.

    **2. Should we admit to doing wrong?**

    Admitting wrongdoing is essential for integrity and credibility in leadership. Humility restores relationships and sets a moral example for others to follow. Scripture clearly supports confession: "Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy" (Proverbs 28:13, NIV). Similarly, 1 John 1:9 emphasizes that confession aligns us with truth and righteousness. From a professional ethics standpoint, honesty builds trust and legitimacy, both of which are foundational to ethical policing and leadership (Ak et al., 2024).

    **3. What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?**

    Mental mistakes, which result from misunderstandings, misjudgments, or incomplete information, can often be corrected through training and clearer communication. A mistake of the heart, however, reflects intentional wrongdoing or moral failure. David's repentance in Psalm 51 demonstrates the heart's need for moral renewal: "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me." Leaders must learn the differences between these two, because the former calls for education, while the latter calls for repentance and transformation.

    **Dilemma: Lying to a suspect during interrogation**

    The Virginia Court of Appeals has upheld the legality of lying to suspects under certain conditions (
    _Arthur v. Commonwealth,_ 1997). Similarly, in
    _Frazier v. Cupp_(1969), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that limited deception does not automatically invalidate a confession. However, ethical research warns that deceptive interrogation can undermine justice and lead to false confessions. Welner et al. (2024) emphasize that deceit during questioning increases the likelihood of unreliable statements and erodes public trust. From a Christian and moral perspective, legality does not necessarily equate fully with morality. Therefore, I would definitely avoid deception, opting for transparent, evidence-based interviewing methods that preserve and convey both justice and integrity.

    **Biblical examples of leadership**

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul's deceit in Samuel 15:13-24, when he disobeyed God and attempted to justify his actions, resulting in the loss of his kingship. In contrast, Nehemiah 5:6-19 shows ethical leadership through self-control and fairness, leading to restored unity among his people. Ethical leaders who act transparently and repent when wrong not only uphold moral standards but also inspire loyalty and trust within their teams.

    **Conclusion**

    Independent thinking strengthens teams, confession cultivates moral clarity, and ethical leadership rests on complete truthfulness. Even though some interrogation tactics may be legal, moral leadership requires honesty. As Christians, our integrity must remain intact even when the law permits deception.

    **## DiscussionAssignmentInstructionsCJUS350.docx**

    CJUS 350

    **Discussion Assignment Instructions**

    The student will complete 8 Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at least 400 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student must then post at least 2 replies of at least 200 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions with at least 2 scholarly citations in APA format. Each reply must incorporate at least 2 scholarly citation(s) in APA format. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years. Acceptable sources include the textbook, the Bible, journal articles and professional experiences.

    **## SusanWk8.docx**

    Susan

    Ethical dilemmas often arise in law enforcement. This becomes challenging to balance between legal practices and moral convictions. The case, Arthur v. Commonwealth (1997), where the Virginia Court of Appeals upheld the practice of law enforcement officers lying to suspects during interrogations to elicit confessions, illustrates this. This decision raises questions about the intersection of legal permissibility and ethical integrity, especially from a Christian perspective that upholds the sanctity of truth.

    The case, Arthur v. Commonwealth (1997), established that law enforcement officers are permitted to use deceptive tactics during interrogations, including misrepresenting the evidence they possess, to obtain confessions. This practice is legally sanctioned in Virginia. However, from a Christian viewpoint, this raises concerns. Scripture speaksvagainst bearing false witness (Exodus 20:16) and emphasizes truthfulness as a reflection of one’s integrity (Ephesians 4:25). Therefore, while the tactic may be legally acceptable, it conflicts with moral principles that prioritize honesty and the dignity of individuals.

    · Can an independent thinker be a team player?

    Independent thinkers make really good team players in my opinion. Those that are independent are bringing diverse perspectives and innovative solutions. Their ability to communicate effectively and collaborate with others, ensures that their independent thinking contributes to the team’s objectives rather than hindering them. This aligns with the biblical principle of unity and cooperation, as seen in 1 Corinthians 12:14-20, where the Apostle Paul compares the church to a body with many parts, each essential for the whole.

    · Should we admit to doing wrong?

    Admitting to one’s mistakes is important for personal growth and maintaining trust within the community. Proverbs 28:13 states, “Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy” (New International Version, 1978). Acknowledging any mistake’s demonstrates humility and a commitment to ethical conduct, creating an environment where accountability and integrity are upheld.

    · What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?

    Mistakes of the mind refer to errors in judgment or understanding, often unintentional and arising from lack of knowledge or awareness. Mistakes of the heart, however, stem from moral failings or deliberate choices that contradict one’s values. While both types of mistakes require correction, those of the heart necessitate deeper reflection and repentance, as they reflect the individual’s character and ethical compass.

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul, whose disobedience to God’s commands led to his downfall and the loss of his kingship (1 Samuel 15). In contrast, King David exemplified strong ethical leadership, demonstrating humility, repentance, and a heart aligned with God’s will, despite his own moral failures (Acts 13:22). David’s leadership resulted in a united kingdom and a legacy of faithfulness.

    **## BookerPittsWK8.docx**

    Booker Pitts

    **Discussion Thread: Right or Wrong**

    **1. Can an independent thinker be a team player?**

    Yes, an independent can absolutely be a team player. Independent thinking involves evaluating ideas critically, yet this does not exclude collaboration. According to Ak et al. (2024), constructive dissent within organizations, when grounded in respect and trust, actually improves team problem-solving and innovation. A team player is not someone who blindly agrees but one who contributes unique insights while still supporting collective goals. Healthy teams thrive on such balanced independence because it prevents groupthink and encourages accountability.

    **2. Should we admit to doing wrong?**

    Admitting wrongdoing is essential for integrity and credibility in leadership. Humility restores relationships and sets a moral example for others to follow. Scripture clearly supports confession: "Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy" (Proverbs 28:13, NIV). Similarly, 1 John 1:9 emphasizes that confession aligns us with truth and righteousness. From a professional ethics standpoint, honesty builds trust and legitimacy, both of which are foundational to ethical policing and leadership (Ak et al., 2024).

    **3. What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?**

    Mental mistakes, which result from misunderstandings, misjudgments, or incomplete information, can often be corrected through training and clearer communication. A mistake of the heart, however, reflects intentional wrongdoing or moral failure. David's repentance in Psalm 51 demonstrates the heart's need for moral renewal: "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me." Leaders must learn the differences between these two, because the former calls for education, while the latter calls for repentance and transformation.

    **Dilemma: Lying to a suspect during interrogation**

    The Virginia Court of Appeals has upheld the legality of lying to suspects under certain conditions (
    _Arthur v. Commonwealth,_ 1997). Similarly, in
    _Frazier v. Cupp_(1969), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that limited deception does not automatically invalidate a confession. However, ethical research warns that deceptive interrogation can undermine justice and lead to false confessions. Welner et al. (2024) emphasize that deceit during questioning increases the likelihood of unreliable statements and erodes public trust. From a Christian and moral perspective, legality does not necessarily equate fully with morality. Therefore, I would definitely avoid deception, opting for transparent, evidence-based interviewing methods that preserve and convey both justice and integrity.

    **Biblical examples of leadership**

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul's deceit in Samuel 15:13-24, when he disobeyed God and attempted to justify his actions, resulting in the loss of his kingship. In contrast, Nehemiah 5:6-19 shows ethical leadership through self-control and fairness, leading to restored unity among his people. Ethical leaders who act transparently and repent when wrong not only uphold moral standards but also inspire loyalty and trust within their teams.

    **Conclusion**

    Independent thinking strengthens teams, confession cultivates moral clarity, and ethical leadership rests on complete truthfulness. Even though some interrogation tactics may be legal, moral leadership requires honesty. As Christians, our integrity must remain intact even when the law permits deception.

    **## DiscussionAssignmentInstructionsCJUS350.docx**

    CJUS 350

    **Discussion Assignment Instructions**

    The student will complete 8 Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at least 400 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student must then post at least 2 replies of at least 200 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions with at least 2 scholarly citations in APA format. Each reply must incorporate at least 2 scholarly citation(s) in APA format. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years. Acceptable sources include the textbook, the Bible, journal articles and professional experiences.

    **## SusanWk8.docx**

    Susan

    Ethical dilemmas often arise in law enforcement. This becomes challenging to balance between legal practices and moral convictions. The case, Arthur v. Commonwealth (1997), where the Virginia Court of Appeals upheld the practice of law enforcement officers lying to suspects during interrogations to elicit confessions, illustrates this. This decision raises questions about the intersection of legal permissibility and ethical integrity, especially from a Christian perspective that upholds the sanctity of truth.

    The case, Arthur v. Commonwealth (1997), established that law enforcement officers are permitted to use deceptive tactics during interrogations, including misrepresenting the evidence they possess, to obtain confessions. This practice is legally sanctioned in Virginia. However, from a Christian viewpoint, this raises concerns. Scripture speaksvagainst bearing false witness (Exodus 20:16) and emphasizes truthfulness as a reflection of one’s integrity (Ephesians 4:25). Therefore, while the tactic may be legally acceptable, it conflicts with moral principles that prioritize honesty and the dignity of individuals.

    · Can an independent thinker be a team player?

    Independent thinkers make really good team players in my opinion. Those that are independent are bringing diverse perspectives and innovative solutions. Their ability to communicate effectively and collaborate with others, ensures that their independent thinking contributes to the team’s objectives rather than hindering them. This aligns with the biblical principle of unity and cooperation, as seen in 1 Corinthians 12:14-20, where the Apostle Paul compares the church to a body with many parts, each essential for the whole.

    · Should we admit to doing wrong?

    Admitting to one’s mistakes is important for personal growth and maintaining trust within the community. Proverbs 28:13 states, “Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy” (New International Version, 1978). Acknowledging any mistake’s demonstrates humility and a commitment to ethical conduct, creating an environment where accountability and integrity are upheld.

    · What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?

    Mistakes of the mind refer to errors in judgment or understanding, often unintentional and arising from lack of knowledge or awareness. Mistakes of the heart, however, stem from moral failings or deliberate choices that contradict one’s values. While both types of mistakes require correction, those of the heart necessitate deeper reflection and repentance, as they reflect the individual’s character and ethical compass.

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul, whose disobedience to God’s commands led to his downfall and the loss of his kingship (1 Samuel 15). In contrast, King David exemplified strong ethical leadership, demonstrating humility, repentance, and a heart aligned with God’s will, despite his own moral failures (Acts 13:22). David’s leadership resulted in a united kingdom and a legacy of faithfulness.

    **## BookerPittsWK8.docx**

    Booker Pitts

    **Discussion Thread: Right or Wrong**

    **1. Can an independent thinker be a team player?**

    Yes, an independent can absolutely be a team player. Independent thinking involves evaluating ideas critically, yet this does not exclude collaboration. According to Ak et al. (2024), constructive dissent within organizations, when grounded in respect and trust, actually improves team problem-solving and innovation. A team player is not someone who blindly agrees but one who contributes unique insights while still supporting collective goals. Healthy teams thrive on such balanced independence because it prevents groupthink and encourages accountability.

    **2. Should we admit to doing wrong?**

    Admitting wrongdoing is essential for integrity and credibility in leadership. Humility restores relationships and sets a moral example for others to follow. Scripture clearly supports confession: "Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy" (Proverbs 28:13, NIV). Similarly, 1 John 1:9 emphasizes that confession aligns us with truth and righteousness. From a professional ethics standpoint, honesty builds trust and legitimacy, both of which are foundational to ethical policing and leadership (Ak et al., 2024).

    **3. What is the difference between a mistake of the mind and a mistake of the heart?**

    Mental mistakes, which result from misunderstandings, misjudgments, or incomplete information, can often be corrected through training and clearer communication. A mistake of the heart, however, reflects intentional wrongdoing or moral failure. David's repentance in Psalm 51 demonstrates the heart's need for moral renewal: "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me." Leaders must learn the differences between these two, because the former calls for education, while the latter calls for repentance and transformation.

    **Dilemma: Lying to a suspect during interrogation**

    The Virginia Court of Appeals has upheld the legality of lying to suspects under certain conditions (
    _Arthur v. Commonwealth,_ 1997). Similarly, in
    _Frazier v. Cupp_(1969), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that limited deception does not automatically invalidate a confession. However, ethical research warns that deceptive interrogation can undermine justice and lead to false confessions. Welner et al. (2024) emphasize that deceit during questioning increases the likelihood of unreliable statements and erodes public trust. From a Christian and moral perspective, legality does not necessarily equate fully with morality. Therefore, I would definitely avoid deception, opting for transparent, evidence-based interviewing methods that preserve and convey both justice and integrity.

    **Biblical examples of leadership**

    An example of unethical leadership is King Saul's deceit in Samuel 15:13-24, when he disobeyed God and attempted to justify his actions, resulting in the loss of his kingship. In contrast, Nehemiah 5:6-19 shows ethical leadership through self-control and fairness, leading to restored unity among his people. Ethical leaders who act transparently and repent when wrong not only uphold moral standards but also inspire loyalty and trust within their teams.

    **Conclusion**

    Independent thinking strengthens teams, confession cultivates moral clarity, and ethical leadership rests on complete truthfulness. Even though some interrogation tactics may be legal, moral leadership requires honesty. As Christians, our integrity must remain intact even when the law permits deception.

    – 1
    – 2
    – 3