Assignment Prompt & Instructions
Bj psda
– ## AConceptMapSummaryonBarrierstoEHR2.docx
– ## pdsa-form.pdf
**## AConceptMapSummaryonBarrierstoEHR2.docx**
2
**A Concept Map Summary on Barriers to EHR-Based Medication Reconciliation Integration-Part 2**
Beverly Jordan
Herzing University
NU725 Technology and Nursing Informatics in Advanced Practice
Dr. Kimberly Burks
10/12/2025
**A Concept Map Summary on Barriers to EHR-Based Medication Reconciliation Integration**
The incorporation of an Electronic Health Record (EHR)-based medication reconciliation system is a transformational opportunity that could be used to improve patient safety, minimize medication errors, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration. There are, however, several obstacles, as shown in the concept map below, to successful implementation in healthcare organizations:
1.
**Ethical Barriers:** Ethical issues arise due to the privacy of the patients and the misuse of health information. When adopting EHR systems, it is essential to follow the principles of confidentiality and data security because failure to do so may lead to a loss of patient trust and substandard care (Rittenberg et al., 2022). It is necessary to ensure patient information is distributed conscientiously across interdisciplinary teams without violating ethical standards.
2.
**Legal Barriers:** Legal limitations include adherence to federal and institutional laws, including HIPAA and The Joint Commission laws. The discrepancies between the documentation and the misuse of the digital medication data may put organizations at risk of litigation.
3.
**Financial Barriers:** The adoption of the EHR-based systems will require a significant investment in the software, hardware, and the training of the workforce (Ciudad-Gutierrez et al., 2025). Maintenance and system upgrades are also continuous costs. Budgets frequently require hospitals to postpone adoption even in cases where long-term returns, like gains in the reduction of errors and increased efficiency, have been demonstrated.
4.
**Adoption Barriers:** Healthcare professionals can be accustomed to manual operations or overwhelmed by technology (Davis, 2023). It has been demonstrated that concept mapping helps facilitate professional learning and involvement based on the possibility of making abstract notions concrete and creating common ground between users.
5.
**User-Related Barriers:** Issues of interest to the user include technical skills and workflow interference. The staff and the management might first have to cope with the workload as they learn the new system.
**References**
Ciudad-Gutiérrez, P., Suárez-Casillas, P., Guisado-Gil, A. B., Acosta-García, H. L., Campano-Pérez, I. L., Ramírez-Duque, N., & Alfaro-Lara, E. R. (2025).
_Implementation and user satisfaction analysis of an electronic medication reconciliation tool (ConciliaMed) in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery._ _Healthcare, 13_(7), 778.
[https://www.mdpi.com/j2227-9032/13/7/778](https://www.mdpi.com/j2227-9032/13/7/778)
Davis, C. (2023).
_Medical students find their way with concept mapping._ Virginia Tech News.
[https://news.vt.edu/articles/2023/12/vtcsom-conceptmapping.html](https://news.vt.edu/articles/2023/12/vtcsom-conceptmapping.html)
Guo, A., Beheshti, R., Khan, Y. M., Langabeer, J. R., & Foraker, R. E. (2021).
_Predicting cardiovascular health trajectories in time-series electronic health records with LSTM models._ _BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 21_(1), 5.
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12911-020-01345-1](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12911-020-01345-1)
Rittenberg, E., Liebman, J. B., & Rexrode, K. M. (2022).
_Primary care physician gender and electronic health record workload._ _Journal of General Internal Medicine, 37_(13), 3295–3301.
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-021-07298-z](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-021-07298-z)
## image1.png
**## pdsa-form.pdf**
PLAN DO STUDY ACT (PDSA) FORM
Cycle #:
Start Date: End Date:
Project Title:
State:
Project Lead:
Task-related; Task:
Internal Process
Objective of this Cycle:
Develop a Change Test a Change Implement a Change
Aim Statement (WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH):
Specific- targeted population:
Measurable- what to measure and clearly stated goal:
Achievable- brief plan to accomplish it:
Relevant- why is it important to do now:
Time Specific- anticipated length of cycle:
PLAN
Test/Implementation Plan (THINK ABOUT WHAT CHANGES YOU CAN MAKE THAT WILL RESULT IN IMPROVEMENT):
What change will be tested or implemented? Include how change will be conducted, who will run it, where it will be
run and when it will be run unless already noted in Aim Statement above. (If needed, include specifics on tasks,
responsibilities and due dates.)
Prediction:
Data Collection Plan (THINK ABOUT HOW YOU WILL KNOW THE CHANGE IS AN IMPROVEMENT):
What data/measures will be collected?
Who will collect the data?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 1
When will the collection of data take place?
How will the data (measures or observations) be collected and displayed?
What decisions will be made based on data?
DO
Activities/Observations:
Record activities/observations that were done in addition to those listed in plan (above):
STUDY
Questions: Copy and paste Prediction from Plan above and evaluate learning. Complete analysis of the data. Insert
graphic analysis whenever possible.
Prediction:
Learning (Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data):
Summary (Look at your data. Did the change lead to improvement? Why or why not?):
ACT
Describe next PDSA Cycle: Based on the learning in “Study,” what is your next test?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 2
01. Taskrelated Task: Off
02. Internal Process: Off
03. Develop a Change: Off
04. Test a Change: Off
05. Implement a Change: Off
06. Cycle #:
07. Start Date:
08. End Date:
09. Project Lead:
10. Task:
11. State:
12. Project Title:
13. Measurable:
14. Specific:
15. Achievable:
16. Relevant:
17. Time Specific:
18. The Plan:
19. Prediction:
20. What data/measures will be collected?:
21. Who will collect the data?:
22. When will the collection of data take place?:
23. How will the data be collected and displayed?:
24. What decisions will be made based on the data?:
25. Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data:
26. Summary:
27. Activities/observations done in addition to those listed in the plan:
28. Describe next PDSA Cycle:
**## pdsa-form.pdf**
PLAN DO STUDY ACT (PDSA) FORM
Cycle #:
Start Date: End Date:
Project Title:
State:
Project Lead:
Task-related; Task:
Internal Process
Objective of this Cycle:
Develop a Change Test a Change Implement a Change
Aim Statement (WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH):
Specific- targeted population:
Measurable- what to measure and clearly stated goal:
Achievable- brief plan to accomplish it:
Relevant- why is it important to do now:
Time Specific- anticipated length of cycle:
PLAN
Test/Implementation Plan (THINK ABOUT WHAT CHANGES YOU CAN MAKE THAT WILL RESULT IN IMPROVEMENT):
What change will be tested or implemented? Include how change will be conducted, who will run it, where it will be
run and when it will be run unless already noted in Aim Statement above. (If needed, include specifics on tasks,
responsibilities and due dates.)
Prediction:
Data Collection Plan (THINK ABOUT HOW YOU WILL KNOW THE CHANGE IS AN IMPROVEMENT):
What data/measures will be collected?
Who will collect the data?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 1
When will the collection of data take place?
How will the data (measures or observations) be collected and displayed?
What decisions will be made based on data?
DO
Activities/Observations:
Record activities/observations that were done in addition to those listed in plan (above):
STUDY
Questions: Copy and paste Prediction from Plan above and evaluate learning. Complete analysis of the data. Insert
graphic analysis whenever possible.
Prediction:
Learning (Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data):
Summary (Look at your data. Did the change lead to improvement? Why or why not?):
ACT
Describe next PDSA Cycle: Based on the learning in “Study,” what is your next test?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 2
01. Taskrelated Task: Off
02. Internal Process: Off
03. Develop a Change: Off
04. Test a Change: Off
05. Implement a Change: Off
06. Cycle #:
07. Start Date:
08. End Date:
09. Project Lead:
10. Task:
11. State:
12. Project Title:
13. Measurable:
14. Specific:
15. Achievable:
16. Relevant:
17. Time Specific:
18. The Plan:
19. Prediction:
20. What data/measures will be collected?:
21. Who will collect the data?:
22. When will the collection of data take place?:
23. How will the data be collected and displayed?:
24. What decisions will be made based on the data?:
25. Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data:
26. Summary:
27. Activities/observations done in addition to those listed in the plan:
28. Describe next PDSA Cycle:
**## AConceptMapSummaryonBarrierstoEHR2.docx**
2
**A Concept Map Summary on Barriers to EHR-Based Medication Reconciliation Integration-Part 2**
Beverly Jordan
Herzing University
NU725 Technology and Nursing Informatics in Advanced Practice
Dr. Kimberly Burks
10/12/2025
**A Concept Map Summary on Barriers to EHR-Based Medication Reconciliation Integration**
The incorporation of an Electronic Health Record (EHR)-based medication reconciliation system is a transformational opportunity that could be used to improve patient safety, minimize medication errors, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration. There are, however, several obstacles, as shown in the concept map below, to successful implementation in healthcare organizations:
1.
**Ethical Barriers:** Ethical issues arise due to the privacy of the patients and the misuse of health information. When adopting EHR systems, it is essential to follow the principles of confidentiality and data security because failure to do so may lead to a loss of patient trust and substandard care (Rittenberg et al., 2022). It is necessary to ensure patient information is distributed conscientiously across interdisciplinary teams without violating ethical standards.
2.
**Legal Barriers:** Legal limitations include adherence to federal and institutional laws, including HIPAA and The Joint Commission laws. The discrepancies between the documentation and the misuse of the digital medication data may put organizations at risk of litigation.
3.
**Financial Barriers:** The adoption of the EHR-based systems will require a significant investment in the software, hardware, and the training of the workforce (Ciudad-Gutierrez et al., 2025). Maintenance and system upgrades are also continuous costs. Budgets frequently require hospitals to postpone adoption even in cases where long-term returns, like gains in the reduction of errors and increased efficiency, have been demonstrated.
4.
**Adoption Barriers:** Healthcare professionals can be accustomed to manual operations or overwhelmed by technology (Davis, 2023). It has been demonstrated that concept mapping helps facilitate professional learning and involvement based on the possibility of making abstract notions concrete and creating common ground between users.
5.
**User-Related Barriers:** Issues of interest to the user include technical skills and workflow interference. The staff and the management might first have to cope with the workload as they learn the new system.
**References**
Ciudad-Gutiérrez, P., Suárez-Casillas, P., Guisado-Gil, A. B., Acosta-García, H. L., Campano-Pérez, I. L., Ramírez-Duque, N., & Alfaro-Lara, E. R. (2025).
_Implementation and user satisfaction analysis of an electronic medication reconciliation tool (ConciliaMed) in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery._ _Healthcare, 13_(7), 778.
[https://www.mdpi.com/j2227-9032/13/7/778](https://www.mdpi.com/j2227-9032/13/7/778)
Davis, C. (2023).
_Medical students find their way with concept mapping._ Virginia Tech News.
[https://news.vt.edu/articles/2023/12/vtcsom-conceptmapping.html](https://news.vt.edu/articles/2023/12/vtcsom-conceptmapping.html)
Guo, A., Beheshti, R., Khan, Y. M., Langabeer, J. R., & Foraker, R. E. (2021).
_Predicting cardiovascular health trajectories in time-series electronic health records with LSTM models._ _BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 21_(1), 5.
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12911-020-01345-1](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12911-020-01345-1)
Rittenberg, E., Liebman, J. B., & Rexrode, K. M. (2022).
_Primary care physician gender and electronic health record workload._ _Journal of General Internal Medicine, 37_(13), 3295–3301.
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-021-07298-z](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-021-07298-z)
## image1.png
**## pdsa-form.pdf**
PLAN DO STUDY ACT (PDSA) FORM
Cycle #:
Start Date: End Date:
Project Title:
State:
Project Lead:
Task-related; Task:
Internal Process
Objective of this Cycle:
Develop a Change Test a Change Implement a Change
Aim Statement (WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH):
Specific- targeted population:
Measurable- what to measure and clearly stated goal:
Achievable- brief plan to accomplish it:
Relevant- why is it important to do now:
Time Specific- anticipated length of cycle:
PLAN
Test/Implementation Plan (THINK ABOUT WHAT CHANGES YOU CAN MAKE THAT WILL RESULT IN IMPROVEMENT):
What change will be tested or implemented? Include how change will be conducted, who will run it, where it will be
run and when it will be run unless already noted in Aim Statement above. (If needed, include specifics on tasks,
responsibilities and due dates.)
Prediction:
Data Collection Plan (THINK ABOUT HOW YOU WILL KNOW THE CHANGE IS AN IMPROVEMENT):
What data/measures will be collected?
Who will collect the data?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 1
When will the collection of data take place?
How will the data (measures or observations) be collected and displayed?
What decisions will be made based on data?
DO
Activities/Observations:
Record activities/observations that were done in addition to those listed in plan (above):
STUDY
Questions: Copy and paste Prediction from Plan above and evaluate learning. Complete analysis of the data. Insert
graphic analysis whenever possible.
Prediction:
Learning (Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data):
Summary (Look at your data. Did the change lead to improvement? Why or why not?):
ACT
Describe next PDSA Cycle: Based on the learning in “Study,” what is your next test?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 2
01. Taskrelated Task: Off
02. Internal Process: Off
03. Develop a Change: Off
04. Test a Change: Off
05. Implement a Change: Off
06. Cycle #:
07. Start Date:
08. End Date:
09. Project Lead:
10. Task:
11. State:
12. Project Title:
13. Measurable:
14. Specific:
15. Achievable:
16. Relevant:
17. Time Specific:
18. The Plan:
19. Prediction:
20. What data/measures will be collected?:
21. Who will collect the data?:
22. When will the collection of data take place?:
23. How will the data be collected and displayed?:
24. What decisions will be made based on the data?:
25. Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data:
26. Summary:
27. Activities/observations done in addition to those listed in the plan:
28. Describe next PDSA Cycle:
**## AConceptMapSummaryonBarrierstoEHR2.docx**
2
**A Concept Map Summary on Barriers to EHR-Based Medication Reconciliation Integration-Part 2**
Beverly Jordan
Herzing University
NU725 Technology and Nursing Informatics in Advanced Practice
Dr. Kimberly Burks
10/12/2025
**A Concept Map Summary on Barriers to EHR-Based Medication Reconciliation Integration**
The incorporation of an Electronic Health Record (EHR)-based medication reconciliation system is a transformational opportunity that could be used to improve patient safety, minimize medication errors, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration. There are, however, several obstacles, as shown in the concept map below, to successful implementation in healthcare organizations:
1.
**Ethical Barriers:** Ethical issues arise due to the privacy of the patients and the misuse of health information. When adopting EHR systems, it is essential to follow the principles of confidentiality and data security because failure to do so may lead to a loss of patient trust and substandard care (Rittenberg et al., 2022). It is necessary to ensure patient information is distributed conscientiously across interdisciplinary teams without violating ethical standards.
2.
**Legal Barriers:** Legal limitations include adherence to federal and institutional laws, including HIPAA and The Joint Commission laws. The discrepancies between the documentation and the misuse of the digital medication data may put organizations at risk of litigation.
3.
**Financial Barriers:** The adoption of the EHR-based systems will require a significant investment in the software, hardware, and the training of the workforce (Ciudad-Gutierrez et al., 2025). Maintenance and system upgrades are also continuous costs. Budgets frequently require hospitals to postpone adoption even in cases where long-term returns, like gains in the reduction of errors and increased efficiency, have been demonstrated.
4.
**Adoption Barriers:** Healthcare professionals can be accustomed to manual operations or overwhelmed by technology (Davis, 2023). It has been demonstrated that concept mapping helps facilitate professional learning and involvement based on the possibility of making abstract notions concrete and creating common ground between users.
5.
**User-Related Barriers:** Issues of interest to the user include technical skills and workflow interference. The staff and the management might first have to cope with the workload as they learn the new system.
**References**
Ciudad-Gutiérrez, P., Suárez-Casillas, P., Guisado-Gil, A. B., Acosta-García, H. L., Campano-Pérez, I. L., Ramírez-Duque, N., & Alfaro-Lara, E. R. (2025).
_Implementation and user satisfaction analysis of an electronic medication reconciliation tool (ConciliaMed) in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery._ _Healthcare, 13_(7), 778.
[https://www.mdpi.com/j2227-9032/13/7/778](https://www.mdpi.com/j2227-9032/13/7/778)
Davis, C. (2023).
_Medical students find their way with concept mapping._ Virginia Tech News.
[https://news.vt.edu/articles/2023/12/vtcsom-conceptmapping.html](https://news.vt.edu/articles/2023/12/vtcsom-conceptmapping.html)
Guo, A., Beheshti, R., Khan, Y. M., Langabeer, J. R., & Foraker, R. E. (2021).
_Predicting cardiovascular health trajectories in time-series electronic health records with LSTM models._ _BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 21_(1), 5.
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12911-020-01345-1](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12911-020-01345-1)
Rittenberg, E., Liebman, J. B., & Rexrode, K. M. (2022).
_Primary care physician gender and electronic health record workload._ _Journal of General Internal Medicine, 37_(13), 3295–3301.
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-021-07298-z](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-021-07298-z)
## image1.png
**## pdsa-form.pdf**
PLAN DO STUDY ACT (PDSA) FORM
Cycle #:
Start Date: End Date:
Project Title:
State:
Project Lead:
Task-related; Task:
Internal Process
Objective of this Cycle:
Develop a Change Test a Change Implement a Change
Aim Statement (WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH):
Specific- targeted population:
Measurable- what to measure and clearly stated goal:
Achievable- brief plan to accomplish it:
Relevant- why is it important to do now:
Time Specific- anticipated length of cycle:
PLAN
Test/Implementation Plan (THINK ABOUT WHAT CHANGES YOU CAN MAKE THAT WILL RESULT IN IMPROVEMENT):
What change will be tested or implemented? Include how change will be conducted, who will run it, where it will be
run and when it will be run unless already noted in Aim Statement above. (If needed, include specifics on tasks,
responsibilities and due dates.)
Prediction:
Data Collection Plan (THINK ABOUT HOW YOU WILL KNOW THE CHANGE IS AN IMPROVEMENT):
What data/measures will be collected?
Who will collect the data?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 1
When will the collection of data take place?
How will the data (measures or observations) be collected and displayed?
What decisions will be made based on data?
DO
Activities/Observations:
Record activities/observations that were done in addition to those listed in plan (above):
STUDY
Questions: Copy and paste Prediction from Plan above and evaluate learning. Complete analysis of the data. Insert
graphic analysis whenever possible.
Prediction:
Learning (Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data):
Summary (Look at your data. Did the change lead to improvement? Why or why not?):
ACT
Describe next PDSA Cycle: Based on the learning in “Study,” what is your next test?
July 24, 2014 Credit to IHI Open School for Health Professionals for original form. Modified for Telligen Use.
Revised: 02/11/2015
Page 2
01. Taskrelated Task: Off
02. Internal Process: Off
03. Develop a Change: Off
04. Test a Change: Off
05. Implement a Change: Off
06. Cycle #:
07. Start Date:
08. End Date:
09. Project Lead:
10. Task:
11. State:
12. Project Title:
13. Measurable:
14. Specific:
15. Achievable:
16. Relevant:
17. Time Specific:
18. The Plan:
19. Prediction:
20. What data/measures will be collected?:
21. Who will collect the data?:
22. When will the collection of data take place?:
23. How will the data be collected and displayed?:
24. What decisions will be made based on the data?:
25. Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data:
26. Summary:
27. Activities/observations done in addition to those listed in the plan:
28. Describe next PDSA Cycle:
– 1
– 2